Pressure and Stress Converter

Thermodynamics & Fluid Pressure Scales

Pressure is defined as force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area).

Gauge Pressure vs. Absolute Pressure

• Absolute Pressure: Total pressure referenced against a perfect vacuum.

• Gauge Pressure: Pressure measured relative to ambient atmospheric pressure). A tire reading 32 psig actually contains .

Common Pressure Reference Points

• Standard Sea-Level Atmosphere: 1.000 atm

• Automobile Tires: 30 to 35 psi (2.07 to 2.41 bar)

• Road Bicycle Tires: 80 to 110 psi (5.5 to 7.6 bar)

• Scuba Tank (Full): 3,000 psi

• Mariana Trench (Ocean Floor): ~1,086 bar (~15,750 psi)

How to Use This Calculator

Enter your Pressure / Stress Value (e.g. 1), From Unit — choose from Pascals (Pa, N/m², Base SI), Kilopascals (kPa), Megapascals (MPa / N/mm²), and To Primary Target Unit — choose from Pounds per Square Inch (psi), Bar (bar), Kilopascals (kPa). Results update instantly as you type — adjust any value to compare scenarios.

The Formula

Exact pressure and mechanical stress conversion formulas:1 Standard Atmosphere (atm) = 101,325 Pa = 101.325 kPa = 1.01325 bar1 atm = 14.695949 psi = 760.00 Torr (mmHg) = 29.9213 inHg1 Bar = 100,000 Pa = 100 kPa = 14.503774 psi1 Megapascal (MPa) = 1,000,000 Pa = 10 bar = 145.038 psi = 1 N/mm^2

Worked Example

For example, converting standard automotive tire pressure of 32.0 psi: . In other units, this equals 2.206 bar, 2.177 atm, and 65.15 inHg.

Understanding Your Result

Unit conversion precision: round to the same number of significant figures as your original measurement. Converting 6 feet to meters gives 1.8288 m — but if your measurement was approximate (±1 inch), expressing more than 2 decimal places is false precision. For international trade and technical specifications, SI units (meters, kilograms, liters) are the standard. US customary units (feet, pounds, gallons) differ from Imperial UK units: 1 US gallon = 3.785 L vs. 1 UK gallon = 4.546 L.